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Standard Pallet Dimensions
Discover the essential information about standard pallet dimensions. Get insights into the most commonly used pallet dimensions for efficient storage, transportation, and logistics. Learn about industry standards and best practices to optimize your pallet usage.
Pallet Shipping Defined
Shipping by pallet refers to transporting goods from one location to another using multiple boxes or parcels stacked on pallets. Pallet shipping is a cost-effective solution, allowing you to pay in bulk rather than ship each box individually.
Mastering how to ship a pallet is at the forefront of the shipping world. If you’re running a small business or a large corporation with products to import, pallets will be your best friends. That’s because pallets make it easier for you to send and can help support and protect your cargo when appropriately used. Shipping a pallet can help you improve efficiency, which means better productivity and profitability. But what exactly do you need to know about shipping a pallet? We’ll review best practices for pallet shipping, guide you through some terminology, and provide insider shipping tips.
Why Use Pallets?
A pallet is a flat, portable platform, usually made of wood, with openings on two sides or all four for easy maneuverability by pallet jacks or forklifts. The standard pallet size is 48″ x 40″, and most freight shipping will require palletization.
- Pallets are the perfect choice for an oversized item that won’t fit neatly inside a crate.
- Not only will pallets consolidate your shipment, but they also simplify the act of loading and unloading.
- Pallets also help carriers optimize their space in the trailer and the warehouse.
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Five Advantages Of Shipping By Pallet
Pallets are a popular and economical choice when shipping freight. Here are five reasons why:
- Protection: They are a sturdy base for stacking goods, preventing them from shifting during transit.
- Movability: With a forklift or pallet jack, pallets are easy to move, saving labor costs.
- Sustainable: Pallets save resources and shipping costs because they can be reused multiple times.
- Standardized: Standard sizes and dimensions make carriers’ handling and transporting more accessible.
- Economical: Since pallets are inexpensive to purchase or rent, they are a cost-effective way to ship freight.
Why Choose FreightCenter for Shipping a Skid?
There are many reasons to choose FreightCenter for your pallet shipping needs:
- Expertise: We have the knowledge and experience to ensure your shipment arrives safely and on time.
- Convenience: We offer a range of shipping options and delivery methods to meet your specific needs.
- Cost-Effective: We work with a network of carriers to provide you with the most cost-effective shipping options.
- Customs Expertise: Our team of customs experts can help you navigate the complex customs process and ensure your shipment is cleared quickly.
- Customer Service: Our dedicated customer service team is available 24/7 to answer any questions or concerns you may have about your shipment.
- Technology: Our advanced shipping technology lets you track your shipment in real time and receive updates throughout the shipping process.
Standard pallet dimensions and sizes
The Consumer Brand Association (CBA—formerly known as the GMA) influences the consumer packaged goods industry around the globe.
Their standard pallet dimensions are 48 “40”—roughly 4’x3.33′ or 160 sq. ft if you want a quick conversion. Despite the group’s name change in 2019, pallets of this size are still commonly referred to as GMA pallets.
There are three standard pallet sizes:
- 48” x 40”
- 42” x 42”
- 48” x 48”
Using standard, universal pallet sizes makes for smoother loading and unloading procedures. Stacking palletized shipments on top of palletized loads of the same size helps carriers optimize trailer space. Consolidating multiple shipments onto one pallet also streamlines your shipping strategy. It allows you to move more freight faster, so it’s worth asking yourself what size pallet works best for your shipping needs.
The CBA recommends a pallet with dimensions of 48″ x 40″. Pallets of this size are sometimes referred to as GMA pallets. About 30 percent of pallets produced in the United States yearly are GMA pallets.
Standard Pallet Weight
Pallet weight varies depending on the size and materials used. Generally, a pallet will typically weigh anywhere from 30 to 35 Ibs. This means that the pallet’s weight increases your shipment’s total weight and, ultimately, your shipping cost. Shippers often don’t include the dimensions and weight of a pallet when filling out an LTL shipping quote. Not including the weight of the pallet in the total freight weight will cost you in the end.
Average Weight Based on Pallet Materials
The weight of a pallet will depend on the material the pallet is made up of. Some standard pallets and their weights include wooden pallets weighing 30-35 Ibs. GMA wooden pallets weigh between 30-50Ibs. Lightweight plastic pallets will save on overall weight, typically 15-20 Pounds. Heavy-duty plastic pallets will weigh closer to 35 pounds. LTL shipping carriers confirm the weight and dimensions of every shipment that comes through and will issue billing adjustments on invoices whenever there are discrepancies. The bottom line is to include the pallet’s weight and dimensions when getting a shipping quote to avoid these billing adjustments.
The most common pallet dimensions are 42″ x 42″ and 48″ x 48″, respectively.
2-way Vs 4-way Pallets
“2-way entry” vs “4-way entry” refers to the number of sides from which a forklift or pallet jack can enter and lift a pallet. Here’s an explanation of the difference between these two types of pallet entry:
2-Way Entry Pallet:
- A pallet with a 2-way entry has openings or notches on only two opposite sides, typically on the longer sides of the pallet.
- Forklifts or pallet jacks can only enter and lift the pallet from these two sides.
- It is also called a “single-faced” pallet because it has a top and bottom deck, with notches only on one side.
- 2-way entry pallets are often used in applications where a specific orientation of the pallet is required, such as conveyor systems or when space is limited.
4-Way Entry Pallet:
- A pallet with a 4-way entry has openings or notches on all four sides, both on the longer and shorter sides of the pallet.
- Forklifts or pallet jacks can enter and lift the pallet from any of the four sides, allowing for more flexibility in handling and loading.
- 4-way entry pallets are versatile and commonly used in various industries because they can be accessed from any direction, making them suitable for efficient and easy handling during storage, transportation, and loading/unloading.
The choice between 2-way and 4-way entry pallets depends on the application’s specific requirements, the type of equipment used for handling, and the need for flexibility in how the pallets are accessed. In many cases, 4-way entry pallets are preferred for their versatility and ease of use in various material handling scenarios.
How to Ship a Pallet: Step-By-Step Guide
The question of how to ship a pallet is most importantly answered through how you properly secure one for transit. A lot of damage can be sustained to a shipment because of improper bundling or securing of the freight. Below are the steps to how to ship a pallet successfully:
1. Package your Products On the Pallet Carefully.
- Choose a sturdy, undamaged box with the proper Edge Crush Test (ECT) rating for your box stacking needs. If the product is heavy, a double-sided corrugated may be best.
- Add ample cushion around the items.
- Fill space with proper padding.
2. Seal Each Container or Box
- Use a strong tape made of polypropylene that is the right thickness, depending on the weight of the items in your boxes.
- Tape with a 2.9 mil thickness should be used for boxes over 50 Ibs.
- Another option that is thicker and stronger than polypropylene tape is PVC-based tape.
3. Choose the Right Shipping Pallet
- Ensure the pallet is undamaged and no boards are missing or loose.
- Try to use a standard size 40″ x 48″
- A 4-way entry pallet is best as it’s easier to move with a forklift and pallet jack.
- Wooden pallets are cheap, affordable, and easy to repair. Plastic pallets are lightweight, durable, and resistant to moisture and pests. Metal pallets have the greatest strength and durability.
4. Load and Secure Your Pallets
- Make sure to align boxes perfectly when stacking to reduce loss of strength.
- Put the heaviest boxes at the bottom to avoid the shipment being top-heavy.
- Banding – Strapping made of steel and polyester is best for securing bundled loads to your pallet. Keep your bands close together to avoid damaging the bundled cargo, and use band cleats or strap protectors. Do not place strapping under the bottom deck of a pallet, as the strapping can be damaged when contacting a warehouse floor.
- Stretch Wrapping/Stretch Film – Stretch wrap provides complete coverage and keeps everything together. It will not offer protection to prevent damages. The more stretch wrap used, the better the pallet contains the product.
- Load Protectors – To protect your freight’s top and bottom layers, sandwich your freight between corrugated load protector pads. This will distribute the weight properly and keep the bottom boxes from slipping through the pallet slats.
- Edge Boards – Edge boards protect boxes’ edges, corners, bottoms, and tops. They help contain the load and stabilize it, protecting it from the friction caused by straps or banding.
5. Properly Labeling Freight for Transport
- When handling the freight, an address label should be visible to the forklift driver. Put the labels on the sides where the forklift entry is.
- Place an address label on each box or piece and number all boxes (x of x).
- FreightCenter recommends attaching a copy of our bill of lading to multiple sides of the shipment.
Best Practices for Safely Shipping A Pallet:
To pack your pallets for shipping with a focus on safety, efficiency, and optimal use of pallet size, consider the following detailed tips:
Pallet Size Selection: Choose the appropriate pallet size that matches your load requirements and ensures efficient use of space. Consider the dimensions and weight of your goods to select a pallet size that provides adequate support and stability. Consider using larger pallets, such as standard-sized pallets (48 inches by 40 inches) or Euro pallets (47.24 inches by 31.50 inches) for larger or heavier loads. Smaller or lighter loads may benefit from half pallets (48 inches by 20 inches) or quarter pallets (24 inches by 20 inches).
Stable Arrangement: When arranging the goods on the pallet, create a stable and balanced load. Distribute the weight evenly across the pallet, placing heavier items at the bottom and lighter items on top. Avoid overhang or instability by ensuring the items fit within the boundaries of the pallet. Utilize packaging materials such as dunnage or void fillers to minimize gaps and provide additional stability.
Secure the Load: Use appropriate strapping, stretch wrap, or banding to secure the load to the pallet tightly. Start from the bottom and work up, ensuring the load is firmly attached to the pallet. Consider using edge protectors or corner boards to safeguard the edges and corners of the load from potential damage. This will prevent the load from shifting or falling during transportation.
Corner and Edge Protection: Apply corner protectors or edge guards to provide extra protection to vulnerable areas of the load. These protective materials help prevent damage to the goods and maintain the integrity of the palletized shipment. Secure the protectors using strapping or tape to ensure they remain in position throughout transit.
Labeling and Inspection: Properly label the pallet with relevant information such as shipping address, destination, handling instructions, and any required labels or markings. This ensures clear identification and proper handling of the palletized goods. Conduct a thorough inspection of the load and its packaging before shipping. Check for stability, tightness of straps or wrap, and any signs of potential damage. Make any necessary adjustments or reinforcements to ensure the load is secure and ready for transportation.
Other considerations for pallet shipping
The following pallet shipping best practices can help minimize the risk of damage while in transit. Consult with a Freightquote shipping expert for help meeting your shipping needs.
Find the suitable carrier: Select a reputable carrier with experience and a strong reputation. Leverage LTL carrier reviews in our online booking tool to inquire about expertise and past service levels.
Distribute the load evenly: Distribute the weight evenly across the pallet, placing heavier fragile items at the bottom and lighter items on top. This helps maintain balance and stability during handling and transit.
Set clear expectations. Knowing what to expect during shipping is an intelligent way to ensure your freight moves efficiently.
Track shipments: Obtain a tracking number from the carrier to monitor the progress of your shipment. When you book with Freightquote, our online shipment tracking tool does all the work!
Properly packaging pallets is crucial in logistics and transportation. It ensures safe transit by reducing the risk of damage, loss, and delays. Securely arranging items on the pallet prevents shifting, tipping, and collapsing, maintaining the integrity of the cargo. Correct packaging also minimizes accidents during handling and unloading, creating a safer environment. Additionally, it optimizes space utilization, streamlines operations, reduces costs and enhances customer satisfaction. Meticulous attention to pallet packaging is essential for a successful logistics operation, enabling smooth flow, safety, and operational efficiency.
What to Avoid When Shipping a Pallet
Insufficient Packaging: Avoid using inadequate or substandard packaging materials that may not withstand the rigors of transportation. Fragile or sensitive items should be adequately cushioned and protected to prevent damage during handling and transit.
Overloading the Pallet: It is crucial to adhere to weight restrictions and not exceed the maximum load capacity of the pallet. Overloading can lead to pallet failure, causing damage to the shipment and other shipments in the load.
Improper Pallet Stacking: Avoid haphazard or unstable stacking of items on the pallet. Ensure a balanced and uniform weight distribution to maintain stability during transportation—stack heavier items at the bottom and lighter ones on top.
Inadequate Labeling: Accurate and visible labeling is essential for efficient handling and identification of the shipment. Avoid incomplete or incorrect labeling, leading to misrouting, delays, or even pallet loss.
Neglecting Proper Documentation: Ensure all necessary shipping documents, such as the Bill of Lading, customs paperwork, and any required permits, are complete and accurate. Neglecting proper documentation can result in delays, fines, or even the rejection of the shipment at customs.
Ignoring Carrier Requirements: Different carriers may have specific guidelines and requirements for pallet shipping. Avoid overlooking these guidelines, such as pallet dimensions, weight restrictions, or packaging specifications. Non-compliance can lead to additional charges or refusal of the shipment.
Failing to Secure the Load: Properly secure the items on the pallet using suitable strapping, banding, or stretch wrapping techniques. Neglecting load security can lead to shifting during transit, potentially causing damage to the cargo or compromising the safety of handlers.
There are several types of pallets, with names based on their construction. Below are the five most common pallets in shipping and a brief description of what separates them.
The choice of pallet/skid type depends on factors such as the specific application, load requirements, transportation methods, and industry regulations. Each pallet type has its advantages and limitations, so selecting the right pallet for your needs is essential to ensure efficient and cost-effective shipping and logistics operations.
These are the most traditional and widely used pallets. They are known for their strength, durability, and ease of repair. Wooden pallets come in various sizes and can be constructed using different types of wood.
Plastic pallets are becoming increasingly popular due to their lightweight nature, resistance to moisture and chemicals, and ease of cleaning. They are often used in industries where hygiene and cleanliness are critical, such as pharmaceuticals and food processing.
Metal pallets, typically made of steel or aluminum, are extremely durable and suitable for heavy loads or harsh environments. They are often used in industries like automotive, manufacturing, and construction.
These pallets are lightweight, disposable, and eco-friendly. They are primarily used for lightweight products and when recyclability is a priority.
Plywood pallets are constructed using multiple layers of plywood. They are lighter than wooden pallets, making them suitable for airfreight and export shipments.
Pressed wood pallets are made from wood fibers, resin, and heat compression. They are lightweight, affordable, and often used for one-way shipments or export purposes.
Block pallets have blocks between the top and bottom deck boards, providing extra support. They are sturdy and commonly used in heavy-duty applications.
Stringer pallets have stringer boards between the top and bottom deck boards. They come in two-way and four-way entry configurations, making them versatile for forklift access.
These pallets are designed for retail displays and typically have a smaller footprint to showcase products in-store.
Nestable pallets have a design that allows them to stack neatly inside one another when not in use, saving storage space.
These pallets can be used with either side up, offering flexibility in load configurations.
These are standardized pallets commonly used in Europe and other parts of the world. Euro pallets measure 1200 mm x 800 mm and are often preferred for international shipping.
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Tips to Load a Truck with Pallets
Loading a full truck of skids efficiently and safely involves several steps. Here are instructions to guide you through the process:
- Prepare the Truck: Ensure the truck is clean, in good condition, and has enough space for the number of skids you plan to load. Make sure the truck’s weight capacity is suitable for the anticipated load.
- Gather Necessary Equipment: Obtain equipment such as forklifts, skid jacks, and straps to aid in loading and securing the skids.
- Plan the Loading Sequence: Strategically plan how the skids will be loaded onto the truck. Consider the final destination, unloading requirements, and product stability.
- Organize Skids: Arrange the skids in a staging area close to the truck. Stably stack them, and inspect each pallet for stability, damage, or safety concerns. Do not load pallets that are damaged, weakened, or overloaded beyond their capacity.
- Load Skids: Use forklifts or pallet jacks to transfer the skids from the staging area onto the truck, starting with the back of the truck and working your way towards the front. Stack the pallets in a uniform and stable manner, ensuring that the weight is distributed evenly throughout the truck. Avoid stacking pallets too high or creating an unbalanced load.
- Secure the Load: As each skid layer is loaded, secure them using straps or load bars. This will prevent movement and shifting during transportation, enhancing safety and stability. Utilize any remaining gaps or empty spaces within the truck to optimize the load capacity. However, ensure that the load remains balanced and secure.
- Documentation and Labeling: Clearly label the truck with necessary information, such as the destination, load type, and any handling instructions. Ensure all required shipping documents are correctly completed.
Once your skids are packed, labeled, and measured, you can get a FreightCenter quote. With their expertise, they help select the right pallet size, advise how to arrange loads securely and provide necessary protections. Our extensive carrier network ensures cost-effective solutions and reliable delivery, giving you peace of mind throughout transportation. Trust FreightCenter to streamline your shipping operations and deliver your goods with confidence.
How Many Pallets Fit on a 53-foot Trailer?
Regarding shipping goods, a common question arises: “How many pallets can fit on a 53-foot trailer?” The answer depends on various factors, such as trailer and pallet size and loading configuration. In this article, we will explore the factors influencing the number of pallets that can fit on a standard trailer and provide tips to optimize shipping efficiency.
Shipping Standard Pallets on a 53′ Dry Van Trailer
A typical trailer used for shipping measures 53 feet in length and can accommodate approximately 26 standard-sized shipping pallets arranged in two rows. If the trailer’s width allows pallets to be placed side by side without wasted space, you can generally fit around 13 to 14 standard-sized pallets in a single row. However, it’s important to note that these numbers are estimates and can vary depending on pallet size and loading configuration factors. By stacking pallets vertically, you can optimize space and ship more goods in one truckload.
Best Pallet Shipping Rates
Your best bet for safe, affordable pallet shipping is partnering with a third-party logistics company (3PL) like FreightCenter, which has been in business for 24 years. Our team of expert shipping agents can handle any shipment, no matter what industry you operate in or whether you are a first-time shipper, run a small business, or are a large corporation. With an extensive network of your favorite carriers, you get peace of mind knowing your freight will be handled with care and with you in mind.
Start by getting a free online quote today or call 800.716.7608.
Pallet Shipping Cost
The big question for many small business owners and operators regarding shipping is, “How much does it cost?” There’s no set cost to shipping a pallet because many factors affect the final freight rate outside the carrier’s or 3PL’s control. However, several factors affect the freight rate of your shipment that you can manage and prepare for in advance, such as:
- It originates and delivers zip codes and location types (commercial location, residential or home-based business location, limited access location, etc.).
- Any extra services or accessorials required, such as liftgate, white glove, or call before delivery.
- The freight’s packaging, both internal and external.
- Total packaged weight and dimensions.
- Specialty vehicles are required, such as full truckload shipping.
- Freight class and NMFC code.
Adding your shipment’s total packaged weight and dimensions with the pallet included is crucial. This will affect your NMFC code. Even the slightest weight variation can radically impact your freight quote and could lead to a costly billing adjustment later. Remember, the carrier will always weigh, measure, and inspect your freight shipment with sophisticated equipment. Suppose the carrier’s weight or measurements differ from what the customer reported, and the carrier has to recategorize a shipment’s freight class. In that case, the customer will get a billing adjustment after completing the shipment. Always be accurate and honest when getting a quote and on the Bill of Lading (BOL)!
The price of shipping by pallet is determined based on several considerations, including the weight and size of the pallet, the origin/destination of the shipment, and the shipping method.
Shipping pallets with FreightCenter
In conclusion, understanding the factors that influence the number of pallets that can fit on a trailer is crucial for optimizing shipping efficiency. Factors such as trailer size, pallet dimensions, loading configuration, and packaging techniques all play a role in determining the quantity of pallets that can be shipped. By selecting the appropriate pallet size, arranging the goods strategically, and securing the load properly, you can maximize the use of space, minimize the risk of damage, and streamline your shipping operations. Remember to consider other truck sizes as well, depending on your shipment needs. By implementing these tips and practices, you can enhance your shipping processes and ensure that your goods arrive safely and efficiently at their destination.
Pallet Shipping FAQ
Q. What is a skid?
A pallet that has no bottom deck boards and is a less expensive version of a pallet.
Q. How to ship a pallet?
Utilize the correct supplies when shipping a pallet. Banding, stretch wrapping, and load protectors/edge boards will keep your goods safe.
Q. Is it cheaper to ship pallets or boxes?
Shipping pallets can be a cost-effective option when you have multiple packages to send. While it may seem more expensive upfront, consolidating parcels onto a pallet often proves cheaper compared to shipping them separately as individual boxes. Consider using pallet shipping for enhanced affordability and efficiency.
Q. What is the best way to stack pallets in a truck?
The best way to stack pallets in a truck is to place the heaviest cargo at the bottom. This creates a stable base and lowers the center of gravity, ensuring the stack remains stable during transport. A well-balanced and secure load helps prevent toppling and damage.
Q. What are block pallets?
These are true four-way pallets since there are four to twelve blocks between the top and bottom deck boards.
Q. What are stringer pallets?
Named after the wooden “stringer” that supports the tip and bottom deck boards in a pallet.
Q. Why use pallets?
Pallets will help consolidate your shipment and make it easier for a freight carrier to load and unload your freight.
Q. How high should you pack a pallet?
Generally, it is recommended not to exceed a height of 60″ when stacking standard-sized pallets. To ensure stability and safety, arrange the boxes with the heaviest at the bottom and the lightest on top. Additionally, avoid any overhanging or leaning of boxes beyond the pallet’s perimeter.
Q. Should you strap or wrap a pallet first?
It is recommended to wrap the load onto the pallet first and then secure it by strapping. Strapping the load and the pallet together creates a more secure load, ensuring that the load becomes one with the pallet. This method enhances stability and reduces the risk of the load shifting or falling during transportation.
Q. What is a standard-size pallet and its dimensions?
Standard pallets are wooden and typically come in a size of 48″x 40″.
Q. What are deck boards?
The 2 x 4 wooden slats at the top and bottom of a pallet make it a platform to place freight on top of.
Q. What are 2-way entry pallets?
They are pallets that a forklift or pallet jack can access on via two sides of the pallet.
Q. What are 4-way entry pallets?
They are pallets with openings on all four sides for easy access to a forklift or pallet jack.
Q. Where do you get free pallets?
You can sometimes find free pallets from stores, construction sites, and online marketplaces. Always ask for permission before taking a pallet from a property.
How pallet shipping can help businesses improve efficiency
Improve the accuracy of shipments
Enhance shipment accuracy with proven strategies and tips. Achieve precision in logistics and delivery processes for improved customer satisfaction
Reduce the amount of damage during shipping
Minimize shipping damage risks with expert advice. Learn effective techniques to safeguard your products and reduce transit-related losses.
Reduce the amount of time it takes to load and unload freight
Optimize freight operations: Discover time-saving solutions to streamline loading and unloading processes efficiently. Maximize productivity in logistics.